If the transistor is working, if you link directly BE bias (Bias means and excitation voltage) is n

PNP and NPN transistor as standard two things. Choose a way to get together and semiconductor layers depends on their polarity. However, the early construction of an electronic device and replace it with vacuum merdeka tubes, Tranzstvrha often as PNP were made of germanium and the constraints of production and technology, merdeka and the difference between interest received on the other hand, the builders have more later The polarity NPN silicon semiconductor merdeka material used to make transistors. There is a certain difference in performance between the two samples, and this does not mean that the polarity NPN transistor germanium or silicon with no polarity PNP.
For each layer of a transistor is a semiconductor base intended to enable connection to external circuit semiconductors. The names of the Base (base), Collector (collector) and Emitter (diffuser) are specified. If the transistor layer structure, we carefully think there is much difference between Collector and Emitter but the reality is not so. The layer thickness and large Collector Emitter far larger and it actually "makes merdeka the two layers have different polarity that have similarity. merdeka Nevertheless generally" form for ease of two layers Mygyrdnd regarded as identical. merdeka
In this way, without a careful review to have a transistor, we simple merdeka circuit can be provided with a transistor and use it to introduce to you it. See the figure below.
Separately between E and C and between E and B have nutritional resources. Yi resistors merdeka in each path from the source voltage appointed only "to restrict the flow and nothing else. Because if they did not, the links being drawn on the fuel flow will be high.
If the transistor is working, if you link directly BE bias (Bias means and excitation voltage) is not so clear that the PN bond (that is enough for you to link approximately 0.6 to 0.7 volts depending on the type transistor voltage is applied), then the circuit is closed between E and C can take a very high flow. If the second note clearly that you understand how this action merdeka is possible. merdeka Normally the E and C, there is no game, but as soon as you link circuit BE agree with the polarity bias, according to previously "PN explained about a link, the link about" merdeka acts as a short circuit You literally "you can draw significant merdeka current from the base of E & C. (In fact, in this case it can be assumed that in the second practice" related to BE PN layer disappears and a short circuit merdeka occurs between the EC a.)
So you can see that by placing a small current Ib you can have a large current Ic. The electronic circuit switches based electronic circuits. For example, you can put a relay circuit collector merdeka current merdeka that a "multi-ampere merdeka and instead apply a very low current level milliamps - even less - circuit that has through merdeka a digital circuit based be prepared to relay commands on or off please.
The first is based on the story before we explained how to bias the link and saw a small base - emitter between the collector and emitter current can be made large. Without getting merdeka into complex mathematical equations to be careful in the first transistor is set to point to zero placed the sum of following interesting took
If the circuit in the laboratory with a conventional transistor package and link base - emitter bias voltage Vbe and Vce you will see that the ratio of collector current to base current of the transistor is linear in the range of works has not been saturated approximately constant. The amount of current amplification factor merdeka hfe say and most of it to show, namely:
Look at the front of this form for a particular Bayasyng transistor collector current to flow diagram shows the base. Note that the top and bottom of the graph change if Bayasyng transistor and the saturation or boost threshold will change. merdeka As you can see in the green area of the base of the transistor is almost linear and can be in the range of several hundred milliamps and Mykrvampr ten Ampere - closed type of transistor - convert. The transistor as a boost during the amplification factor hfe used.
Note that the red part of the chart when the graft base - emitter of Bayasyng merdeka is good and the quantity of the bond passes, therefore, is low and vice versa current collector output transistor Bayasyng the red end of the diagram is as called saturated transistor and say this is not a linear function of the amplified waveform changes.
In a transistor circuit design parameter merdeka values that are expected to be identified and then the designer can refer to books transistor characteristics, transistor your choices. It generally represents some of the parameters are:
When we found out Nvsh the probe is connected to the black base (in kind it that) is a base and another type of base is connected to the red probe base
To find a collector Vamytr tut method and we use the simplest with most Fi